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Which of the following outcomes can air in the reading create when testing with a voltmeter?

  1. Inaccurate voltage measurement

  2. Increased current flow

  3. Reduced impedance

  4. Enhanced resistance

The correct answer is: Inaccurate voltage measurement

When testing with a voltmeter, air can cause inaccurate voltage measurements primarily due to the presence of moisture and other contaminants in the air, which can affect the electrical properties of the system. These inaccuracies arise because the voltmeter may not register the true potential difference across the points being tested if there is any interference from the surrounding environment. In cathodic protection systems, accurate voltage readings are crucial for determining the effectiveness of the system. If air introduces noise or electrical interference, it could distort the readings, leading to misinterpretations of how well the cathodic protection is performing. Therefore, ensuring that the test conditions are free from environmental influences such as air is essential for obtaining reliable and precise voltage measurements. This focus on accurate measurements is vital in cathodic protection testing since any errors can lead to improper assessments of corrosion mitigation efforts, potentially allowing for corrosion-related damage to occur.